Regular self-examinations of the skin are crucial in detecting skin cancer early. Performing regular skin self-exams is the best way to find skin cancer early. Skin cancer is the abnormal growth of skin cells, most often caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight or tanning beds. Most skin cancers are primarily caused by sun exposure. There are several types of skin cancer, with melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma being the most common. Early detection significantly increases the chances of successful treatment and cure.
The ABCDE Method for Skin Examination
When checking your skin for signs of skin cancer, use the ABCDE method:
A for Asymmetry: Look for moles or spots that are not symmetrical. If you draw a line through the middle, the two halves should match. If they don’t, it’s a warning sign.
B for Border: Examine the borders of your moles. Irregular, scalloped, or poorly defined borders are a red flag.
C for Color: Watch for moles with multiple colors or an uneven distribution of color. Healthy moles are usually a single shade of brown or black.
D for Diameter: Pay attention to any mole larger than a pencil eraser (about 6mm or ¼ inch in diameter).
E for Evolving: Notice any changes in the size, shape, color, or elevation of a mole, or any new symptoms such as bleeding, itching, or crusting.
Regularly conducting a skin self exam is crucial for early detection of skin cancer.
Conducting a Thorough Skin Self Exam
Inspect All Areas: Check your entire body, including areas not typically exposed to the sun. It is crucial to check your skin regularly for any changes. Individuals with dark skin should also perform these checks, as dark skin can still be affected by sun damage and other skin conditions. This includes your scalp, soles of your feet, palms of your hands, and between your toes and fingers.
Use Mirrors: Use a full-length mirror and a hand-held mirror to get a clear view of hard-to-see places, such as your back and the back of your neck.
Keep Track of Moles: Keep a record of all moles and growths on your body, noting their size, color, and any changes over time. Taking photographs can be helpful for monitoring changes.
When to Consult a Skin Doctor
If you notice any suspicious lesions or moles, consult a doctor for further evaluation. They may recommend a skin biopsy, where a sample of the skin tissue is examined under a microscope to check for cancer cells. The doctor may also perform a skin cancer screening exam to detect any abnormal or cancerous growths.
What are the first signs of skin cancer?
Skin cancer symptoms can vary depending on the type. Melanoma may present with new moles or growths, while Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) may have pearly or waxy bumps, persistent sores, red or pink patches, and scaly red patches. Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) may have scaly red patches, raised growths, and wart-like growths. General signs include non-healing lesions, itching or tenderness, and changes in sensation.
Treatment Options for Skin Cancer
Early detection of skin cancer is crucial for successful treatment. Treatment options vary depending on the type and stage of skin cancer and may include:
– Excision: Surgically removing the cancerous tissue.
– Mohs Surgery: A precise surgical technique that removes cancerous tissue layer by layer while preserving as much healthy tissue as possible.
– Chemotherapy: Using drugs to destroy cancer cells.
– Immunotherapy: Boosting the body’s immune system to fight cancer.
– Radiation Therapy: Using high-energy rays to target and kill cancer cells.
Prevention and Risk of Skin Cancer
Practising sun safety is key to preventing skin cancer. To prevent skin cancer, it is crucial to monitor for changes in moles or spots and take protective measures. Here are some tips:
Wear Sunscreen: Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30 daily, even on cloudy days.
Protective Clothing: Wear hats, sunglasses, and long sleeves when spending extended periods outdoors for effective sun protection.
Avoid Indoor Tanning: Tanning beds expose your skin to harmful UV radiation.
Know Your Risk Factors: Be aware of factors that increase your risk of skin cancer, such as fair skin, a history of skin cancer, frequent sun exposure, and indoor tanning.
Regular Skin Check Visits
Regular skin exams by a doctor or visits to skin cancer clinics can help in the early detection and prevention of skin cancer. A skin cancer clinic is run by GPs with a specific interest or extra training in diagnosing and treating skin cancer. By being proactive and vigilant in checking your skin for any abnormalities, you can reduce the risk of developing skin cancer and ensure your skin’s health and well-being.
In conclusion, making regular self-examinations a habit and seeking professional evaluations when necessary are essential steps in safeguarding your skin against cancer. Early detection is your best defence, so take the time to familiarise yourself with the signs and stay vigilant about your skin’s health.